Inflammable vapor



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L. PEIL.

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING UNIFORM MIXTURES OF AIR AND INFLAMMABLE VAPOR.

No. 596,658. Patented Jan. 4, 1898.

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4 Sheets-Shee't 2.

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L, FEIL. APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING UNIFORM MIXTURES OF AIR AND INFLAMMABLE .VAPOR.

Patented Jan. 4, 1898.

PTO/596,658.

4 Sheets-Sheet 3 (No Model.)

. L. PEIL. I APPARATUS FORPRODUGING UNIFORM MIXTURES OF AIR AND INFLAMMABLE VAPOR.

Patented Jan. 4, 1898.

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PHIL. APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING UNIFORM MIXTURES 0P AIR AND INFLAMMABLE VAPOR.

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LUDWIG FEIL, OF AMBERG, GERMANY.

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING UNIFORM MIXTURES OF AIR AND INFLAMMABLE VAPOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 596,658, dated January 4, 1898. Application filed January 28, 1897. Serial No. 621,017. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, LUDWIG FEIL, a subject of the King of Bavaria, residing at Amberg, Bavaria, in the Empire of Germany, haveinvented an Improved Process of and Apparatus for Producing a Uniform Mixture of Air and Inflammable Vapor, of which the following is a full and clear specification.

My invention relates to'a process for producing a uniform mixture of air and inflammable vapor and to an apparatus for realizing this process.

The immediate object of my process is that at every moment I bring only just the necessary quantity of hydrocarbon in contact with the air to be carbureted. Thereforel provide a carbureter comprisingv two. communicating chambers in such a way that the larger or main chamber or reservoir is intended for receiving the means for carbureting the air, while the carburization takes place exclusively in the second chamber, whose capacity is relatively much smaller.

The invention further consists of providing means for self-regulation of the heating or warming of the hydrocarbon to be vaporized, as well as means for the self-regulation of the gas-pressure.

What concerns the apparatus itself and its essential features are the improved carbureter, the diaphragm-punt p for raising the liquid hydrocarbon from the main chamber to the chamber for carburization; further,the means for the heating or warming of the formed gases, and, finally, the regulator of gas-pressure in combination with the air-reservoir, forming a part of the apparatus.

My invention will be more fully understood taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, forming part hereof, and in which-- Figure 1 is a front elevation of an apparatus embodying my invention; Fig. 2, a plan view of the same; Fig. 3, a vertical, section on the line a: m of Fig. 4 of the carbureter proper; Fig. 4, a plan view of the same; Fig. 5, a vertical section of the diaphragm-pump intended for raising the liquid hydrocarbon into the carburetor; Fig. 6, a front elevation of the regulator of gas-pressure; Fig. 7, a plan View of the same; Fig. 8, a vertical section of the outlet-valve or regulator of gaspressure, and Fig. 9 a sectional plan view on the line 3 y of Fig. 8.

In the drawings similar letters of reference indicate similar parts throughout the several views.

Referring now to the drawings for a further description of my invention, A is an air-compressing pump driven by the hot-air engine 13, said pump being intended for driving the atmospheric air through the pipe 0 into the air-reservoir D, which has for its purpose to deaden the strokes of pump A, and which is provided with an outlet-valve E. From the air-reservoir D the air flows by means of the pipe F into the two branch pipes H H, each of the latter being provided with a stop-cock for regulating the air-outflow, one of which, pipe H, is leading the air into the carbureter I, the other, H, into the mixing-chamber N.

The'carbureter I, which is separated from the main reservoir L, containing the volatile hydrocarbon and which is most preferably disposed above the reservoirL, comprises a cylinder 1, closed at its upper part and open at its lower part. On the top of the carbureter is arranged the mixing-chamber N, to which the carbureted air is led by means of the tube K The carbureter is filled with plates P, made of a material which easily sucks up liquid, such as felt or flannel, said plates being held apart from each other by means of the spirals O, forming canals P. The plates P are provided with alternatively-disposed openings, so that the air is obliged to pass through every plate. The liquid hydrocarbon contained in the res ervoir L below the carbureter I is driven by means of the diaphragm-pump Q, working in connection with the air-compressing pump A, through the pipe Y into the carburetor I and imbibes the plates P, which are forming a suitable surface of evaporation. The surplus of liquid hydrocarbon which drops down from the plates P flows through the opening I at the lower part of the carbureter and returns to the main reservoir L. The air which the compressing-pump forces'through the pipe H into the oarbureter is brought into contact with the volatilized hydrocarbon formed in the carbureter and gets impregnated with the same; but as the proportions of volatile hydrocarbon contained in the air vary according to the quality of the hydrocarbon em- I ployed, the mixing-chamber N has been provided in the pass of the piping for the sake of letting air enter at will to form a proper inflammable mixture, the air being conducted thereto by means of the pipe H, which goes from the air-reservoir D to the mixing-chamber N. The separation of the main reservoir from the chamber of carburization presents the great advantage that the air to be carbureted is at every moment only brought into contact in the chamber I with small quantities of hydrocarbon.

The carbureter is further surrounded with a casing S, intended for receiving the water of the hot-air engine B, said casing S being connected with the water-jacket around the cylinder of said engine by means of the two pipes T and T in such a way that the water after having been warmed or heated in the jacket of the engine flows through the upper pipe T into the upper part of the carbureter and thereafterthat is, after having given up its calories to the water surrounding the carbureter-returns through the pipe T quite cooled to the jacket of the hot-air engine, In this way a circulation of the water is obtained, so that it is never necessary to renew the same. Owing to this disposition the lowering of temperature due to the volatilization or vaporizing of the liquid hydrocarbon in the carbureter is again neutralized by the heated water, and in this way a quite regular vaporizing is obtained. Otherwise the vaporizing would diminish at the same rate as the temperature. The advantage obtained by surrounding the carbureter with the heated water of the engine is that the produced mixture of air and hydrocarbon gases always contains a sufficient quantity of inflammable vapor, as the temperature, which is a very important momentum in the vaporizing process, never descends too low.

The gas mixture ready for use, which is gathered in the mixing-chamber and in the dome N at the upper part of the carbureter, is led by means of the main pipe U, which is controlled by the stop-cock U, to the places where the same is to be consumed. From this main' pipe U the pipe V branches off, said pipe V leading to the heating-chamber W of the hotair engine B. In this heating-chamber the pipe V delivers continuously the quantity of gas mixture necessary for heating the hot-air engine. From the pipe V the pipe X branches off also, said pipe X leading to, the outletvalve or regulator of gas-pressure E, disposed on the top of the air-reservoir D.

I shall now describe the diaphragm-pump intended for feeding the carbureter and the outlet-valve of the air-reservoir.

By designing the pump Q, which is contained in the main reservoir L, it was necessary to adopt such a construction that the same can never get out of order, that it can never beginto leak, and also that the same does not want a separate driving mechanism. To this purpose the construction shown in Fig.

5 has been chosen. The pump Q comprises an elastic hollow body or diaphragm a, which is arranged loose in the casing b, the pipe R, in connection with the air-compressing pump A, and,further,the suction-valve c,disposedin the lower part of the casing b, and the deliverypipe Y. The diaphragm-pumpis put in connection with the upper wall of the main reservoir L by means of the plate Z, which gives passage to the pipes R and Y. The diaphragmpump is actuated by the compressing-pump A, the piston of the latter being provided with a prolongation which constitutes an aircompressing cylinder of its own, the cylinder A, surrounding the latter, being screwed onto the cylinder-cover A of pump A. The mode of acting of this contrivance is such that the alternative shocks to which the air is subjected in A are expanding, respectively, contracting the hollow body a of the diaphragmpump, whereby a compressing or sucking action takes place in the casing 17, so that the liquid is aspired through valve 0 and forced through valve cl into the pipe Y, and therefrom into the carbureter I.

The outlet-valve of the air-reservoir has for its purpose to establish the indispensable solidarity between the air-pressure in the airreservoir and the gas-pressure necessary at every moment, because neither a simple regulation-stop inserted in the main piping for the gas mixture nor such one being inserted in the air-piping is sufficient, as the position of the plugs of said regulation-stops would have to be altered continually in relation to the consumption of gas and the degree of temperature.

The regulator of gas pressure shown in Figs. 6 to 9 comprises a bell h, floating on the mercury e, which is contained in the annular recess f of the casing g, said bell 71 communicating with the gas-piping X. The bell h, according as a change of pressure takes place in the positive or in the negative sense, is lifted or sunk, and in concordance therewith the outlet-valve, whichis connected with the air-reservoir D by means of the pipe 1', is opened or closed. The opening of the outletvalve or regulator of pressure E is operated in sucha manner that when the pressure is sufficient the bell is lifted, whereby the end part of the tube is, which goes through the safetycover g 'of easing g, presses on the lower part m of the bridge m. As the bridge m is connected with the conical valve or, the latter being normally held by its own weight to the valve-seat at the upper part of the pipe 2', a certain quantity of air escapes from the air reservoir D, when the valve n is lifted from its seat and in this way the pressure regulated. As it may easily be seen, the bell h is guided atv 13 and the conical valve 'n at g, to insure the true acting of the contrivance. The bell h, according to the pressure worked with, can be loaded with more or less weights Z, the latter being retained in their position by means of the tube k.

Of course the valve of the regulator E, instead of being disposed at the upper part of the bell, may also be disposed at the lower part of the same.

Having thus described my invention and in What manner the same is to be operated, I declare that what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In an apparatus for producing a uniform mixture of air and inflammable vapor, the combination of a hot-air engine B, an aircompressing pump A, a pipe C leading to an air-reservoir D, the air-reservoir D, the outlet-valve or regulator of gas-pressure E in combination with said air-reservoir D, the pipe F of reservoir D, the two pipes H and H branching 01f from the pipe F, the regulation-stops G and G inserted in the pass of the pipes H and H, said pipes H H leading to a carburetor T, the carbureter T, the main reservoir L for the liquid hydrocarbon, said main reservoir L being disposed below the carbureter T, the main piping U, the stopcock in the piping U, the pipe V branching off from the main piping U, said pipe V leading to the heating-chamber W of the hot-air engine 13, the pipe X branching off from the pipe V, said piping L leading to the bell h of the outlet-valve E, the diaphragmpurnp Q disposed in the interior of the main reservoir L, the pipe R connecting the aircompressing pump A to the diaphragm-pump Q, the pipe Y connecting said diaghragmpump Q to the carburetor '1, the pipe T leading from the water-jacket of the hot-air engine to the inside of the casing S of carbureter T, and the pipe T connecting the casing S of carbureter T to the said engine-jacket, subthe carbureter T, said tube K communicating with the mixing-chamber N, the dome or mix ing-chamber N, the felt plates P in the interior of the carbureter T, the spirals 0 holding the plates P apart, in such a way, that the plates in combination with the spirals O are forming canals P, and the casing S for receiving cooling-water, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

3. In an apparatus for producing a uniform mixture of gas and inflammable vapor, the outlet-valve or regulator of pressure E, arranged on the top of the air-reservoir D, said outlet-valve or regulator of pressure E comprising a casing g, a bell h floating on the mercury contained in the annular recess f of the casing g, the weights Z on the top of the bell g, the piping X leading to the bell h, the tube It going through the safety-cover g of easing g, the bridge m supporting the conical valve 71, the tube '5 branching off from the airreservoir D, and the conical valve 71 resting on the valve-seat O disposed on the top of the tube 2', substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

Signed at Nuremberg, Bavaria, Germany, this 4th day of January, 1897.

LUDWIG FEIL. \Vitnesses:

HEINRICH ROSENBAUM, ADOLF Bosoowrrz. 

